The Smart Prison Concept as a Strategy for Modernizing the Development of Inmates in Indonesia
Konsep Smart Prison Sebagai Strategi Modernisasi Pembinaan Warga Binaan di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64272/5kb0ga75Keywords:
Smart Prison; Corrections; Rehabilitation; Digital Transformation; Data ProtectionAbstract
The Indonesian correctional system continues to face structural pressure from overcrowding, unequal service capacity, limited human resources, and the need to strengthen evidence-based rehabilitation. This article examines the concept of Smart Prison as a strategy for modernizing prisoner rehabilitation in Indonesia by integrating correctional law, data governance, digital technology, and human-rights-based prison management. The study uses normative legal research with statutory, conceptual, comparative, and policy approaches. Legal materials include Law Number 22 of 2022 on Corrections, Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection, implementing regulations on prisoner guidance, national correctional policy documents, and international instruments including the Nelson Mandela Rules. Secondary materials consist of academic literature, official statistical reports, and comparative sources from Singapore, Europe, and other jurisdictions. The analysis shows that Smart Prison should not be reduced to surveillance technology. Its legal relevance lies in strengthening individualized rehabilitation, case management, health services, educational access, dynamic security, and post-release reintegration. However, implementation in Indonesia requires a clear legal basis, proportional data processing, algorithmic accountability, independent oversight, digital competence for correctional officers, and phased pilots based on measurable rehabilitation outcomes. The article recommends a national Smart Prison roadmap, specific implementing regulations, a technology ethics committee, public audit mechanisms, and equitable infrastructure investment.
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